天然气工业用户峰谷分时定价多目标优化模型
Multi-objective Optimizing Model of Time-of-Use Pricing for Natural Gas Industry Customer
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摘要:制定合理的天然气分时定价政策,能够优化资源配置,保证城市天然气管网稳定运行,从而缓解城市“气荒”现象,促进燃气产业健康发展。为此,在考虑用户响应行为的基础上,以最小化最大峰负荷和峰谷负荷差为目标,以燃气公司利益、用户利益,以及政府对天然气价格的限制为约束条件,建立了峰谷分时定价的多目标优化模型,运用遗传算法与Pareto排序相结合的方法对其进行求解。并且,将该模型应用于一个案例,将一天24小时划分为峰、平、谷三个时段,按照“量大价高”的原则实施分时定价政策。结果表明：在保证用户和燃气公司同时获益的情况下,存在最优的峰、平、谷价格,使得最大峰负荷和峰谷负荷差能有效降低,验证了多目标优化模型的有效性和可行性。Abstract:A reasonable time-of-use price policy for natural gas is conducive to the resource allocation, and could guarantee the stable operation of natural gas network, so that the “gas famine” can be relieved, which is helpful for the healthy development of gas industry. Therefore, on the basis of users' response behavior, this paper constructs the multi-objective time-of-use pricing model, with minimizing the maximum peak load as well as difference between peak load and valley load as the objective, price restrictions obtained from gas enterprise revenue, user revenue and government as the constraints. Integration of genetic algorithm and Pareto ranking is adopted to solve the model. Finally, in a case experiment, the study divides 24 hours in a day into three different times, i.e. flat, valley and peak, and assumes the rule of“large amount, high price”. The computational results show the existence of an optimal price ratio for peak, flat and valley, respectively, from which both the gas company and customer can benefit at the same time, and that the difference of peak load and valley load can be reduced effectively, which verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the multi-objective model.
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