Keywords:
• international river basin/
• ecological system/
• legal nature/
• system construction

Abstract:In the use and protection of resources in international river basins, countries try to win?the right to utilize, but fail to protect the ecological systems, which leads to the fact that water shortage, water pollution and water ecological damage become more and more serious in international basin. To set up the effective system of constraints on ecological loss behaviors and encouragements of ecological gain behaviors, the legal nature of ecological system must be clarified. The ecological systems of international river basins have both economic value and important ecological value. They are the common wealth of river countries, which is different from the traditional sense of material wealth. Ecological wealth is a special form of wealth. To protect the common wealth, the restriction system to ecological loss behavior and the incentive system to ecological gain behavior should be established and perfected in international water laws with the principles of correspondence between rights and responsibilities, of common but differentiated responsibilities, and of international cooperation and negotiation as guidelines.